CEM DEVGE

1Introduction 1.1Executive Summary The main goal of this study is to design a sustainable space colony and to exploit the resources of the other planets/satellites and asteroids. This orbital settlement will be the first step for colonization of space. The NOAH Settlement is a space habitat where about 100.000 human lives. In this settlement, people are working, doing different kinds of space sports, having fun, making art and music, doing scientific researches, and raising healthy families. The outer shape of this orbital settlement is a catenoid-like structure. Interior shape of this catenoid-like settlement is a double helicoid and consists of several rooms connected with these helicoid layers (Figure 6). Previously no such an interior or exterior design was proposed as a space orbital settlement. Main dimensions of the settlement are: approximately 10 km in height of the axis, and about 1 km in diameter of the top and bottom round surface of the catenoid. It has a long central hub along the axis of the catenoid. It is locating in a near-polar low lunar orbit (NPLLO). The people live in this catenoid-shaped settlement which is connected by ten access routes to the main building where incoming and outgoing spacecraft docks. Five of them are on the top round surface of the catenoid and the other five of docking stations are on the bottom round surface. Ten doors of these access routes to the main building can be opened and closed by shape transformation characteristics of tentacle mechanisms under the control of a central artificial superintelligence (ASI) of the settlement. To simulate Earth's normal gravity the entire habitat rotates at one revolution per minute around the axis of the catenoid structure. In addition to this rotating movement, the magnetic field applications using superconducting electromagnets placed in specific places of the settlement creates variable gravity on the different places of the settlement. So, it becomes able to achieve the desired level of artificial gravitational force on the different parts of the settlement. Docking of spaceships, construction of spacecraft components, synthesis and application of some inorganic/organic composite materials and crystals, and transferring heavy cargo from one location to the other can be easily in microgravity environments. Many new synthetic construction materials and the lunar regolith are used in the construction of this settlement. The other planets/satellites’ soils and asteroid dust can also be used for the same purposes if it is needed. Examples of new synthetic materials are 3D-graphene sponge cage, porous Ni-P metallic microlattice cage, titanate bismuth borotellurite, aerographite, and aerographene. These materials are the lightest, strongest, the most durable and resistant to radiation. In addition to these materials, shape shifting liquid metals, self-healing polymers, bioplastics, and shape-changing liquid crystals are also used for the construction of the certain parts of the settlement, especially for advanced mechanical models of structural elasticity and shape transformation by tentacle mechanisms. Some of these materials are transported from the Earth, the Moon, the other planets/satellites, and asteroids. Self-repair Achilles’ space elevator with an electrostatic accelerator and “proboscis of the settlement” (raw material-acquisition device act like a feeding insect) can be very useful for the transport of these raw construction materials from planets. Metal extraction from these planets/satellites’ soils and asteroid dust can be by electrolysis of molten soil or direct reduction with hydrogen of soils. Some of the composite materials are synthetized from these metals in the space construction station/vehicle during early construction stages, and also in the orbital settlement during late construction stages of the settlement. An advanced mining industry associated with the secondary space colony on the Moon is necessary in the initial phase of establishment of this settlement. This orbital space colony has the ability to product & repaire of high-tech products and space vessels. This settlement has also a space hotel. Space tourism and space mining are two main branches of the industries in this colony. In the construction of this settlement, we are using autonomous robotic systems. These are RepRap 3D-printing drone robots and 3D-printing spider robots as mentioned in my innovative prototype product ideas. Programmable swarming robotic creatures acting as independent structural stones in 3D-space can also build some self-assembling parts of the settlement. Construction procedures are being on the construction station/vehicle. This station has maneuvering capability and it has several assembly lines construction stage. We propose an innovative shield providing protection of the settlement from cosmic radiation and electromagnetic solar storm. An innovative space suit developed for protection of outside workers is also described in this report. The settlement has a Laser weapon system (LaWS), plasma canons, and anti-astroid missiles for protection from celestial bodies and the collision of space debris and uncontrolled artificial satellites. Innovative methods to reduce excessive CO2 in biosphere and nitrogen in the environment are also proposed. The settlement has effective heat rejection and climatization system, dust and toxic waste removal system, and sanitation system. Solar panels, a nuclear fission energy or He-3 nuclear fusion reactor, and bioreactors consisting of chlorophyl farms are used for the energy supply of the settlement. Maneuvering capability of this orbital settlement is mainly due to high-power Laser propulsion. The various spare propulsion systems and thrusters as solar propulsion, electromagnetic drive propulsion, and high-power radio-frequency driven plasma thruster are also used. Electronic systems of this settlement include: altimeters, high resolution optical imagers and sensors, hyperspectral imagers, cosmic ray telescope for the effects of radiation, Lyman-alpha intensity mapping instrument, synthetic and advanced synthetic aperture radars (SAR and ASAR), neutron detectors, radiometers, cosmic radiation measuring instrument on electronics, atmospheric chemistry measuring instruments, atmospheric temperature and humidity sounders, gravity instruments, magnetic field sensors, precision orbit determination instruments, Lidars, lightning sensors, ocean colour instruments, scatterometers, space environmental monitoring, data collection systems, and communication systems. The communication system is mainly used Laser relays for long distance with the photon-counting receiver. The space settlement has many functional compartments. These are living rooms, a command & control base, storage rooms, research laboratories, medical centers, spa & wellness centers, arboretum, space hotel, recreation rooms, meeting rooms, auditorium, and large rooms for art and musical activities, education, entertainment and sport facilities. There are also many compartments for nuclear energy reactors, bioreactors, supercritical CO2 closed Brayton cycle turbines, magnetic field generators, electronic systems, centers for quantum computers, propulsion systems and thrusters, heat rejection and climatization system, communication systems, spacecraft docks and garages, production & repairing of high-tech products, robotic systems, and space vessels, water collection, plant cultivation and vegetable production, aquaculture, animal production, test-tube meat production, waste disposal, sanitation systems, dust and toxic waste removal system, and mining industry. Each compartments can be sealed off from the others and kept airtight. So, it protect from undesirable physical, chemical and biological effects of each other. A magnetically levitated transportation tube system is used for transportation in the settlement. Transportation around settlement is being by middle-ranged space vehicles and solar sailing vessels. The settlement has four launch ramps with transport linear accelerator. Two of them are on the top round surface of the catenoid and the rest of lauch ramps are on the bottom round surface of the catenoid-like settlement. The long-ranged space vehicles and space elevator are used for travelling from settlement to Earth and other planets/satellites. A central artificial superintelligence (ASI) which is named as NOAH control the interactions of all systems and quantum computing is used for computer systems. This report overviews the space environmental effects on the different organ systems and space diseases. The survival probability of microorganisms in the space settlement, infection prevention and control protocol are discussed. We also think about possible new diseases we can encounter inhabitants in the settlement. These are virtual post-traumatic stress disorder and some technological diseases among settlement personnel. We also mention the prevention of space diseases, advanced diagnosis and treatment methods that must be in the space colony. Production of food in space conditions, water collection, plant cultivation and vegetable production system, aquaculture production, animal production, and test-tube meat production from an animal’s stem cells are described. Various types of creative scientific researches can be done in this orbital settlement. Some of these researches are on the development of live tissues and organs, the effects of space environment on embryonic development of various organisms, biosynthesis of metal and alloy nanoparticles by microorganisms, and advanced astronomical & radio-astronomical observations. Synthesis and application of inorganic/organic composite materials and production of special biological forms and materials in space environment are easier to do than in the Earth. The behaivors of various microorganisms in space environment, wound healing in space conditions, augmented bone regenerations, synthesis of a DNA like structures, innovative techniques in space cryogenics & cryosleep, innovations needed for deep space exploration like production of the self-replicating robots and micro-spacecrafts can also be investigated in the research laboratories of the settlement. In this report, an innovative nanomanufacturing interstellar micro-spaceship and flying cargo carrier for these micro-spaceships are also proposed. In this space colony, the structure of government is being unique and spiritual values of the inhabitans are very important. This settlement has also space emergency procedures and counter systems for preventing terrorist external attacks, like cyberattacks and hacking satellite systems, and internal attacks, like the Awkward side-effects of the ASI evolution against the colony. 1.1.1Organization of Report This report is mainly divided into ten Chapters. Before Chapter 1, executive summary, scenario planning, naming Noah, challenges & opportunities of new technologies, and my innovative prototype product ideas and proposals for space settlement are given in the separate section. The NOAH Settlement’s construction characteristics and its support systems are described in the first Chapter. Social characteristics, facilities, medical & health subjects, production of food, nutrition, an ecosystem of the settlement, and emergency procedures are described in Chapter 2. In Chapter 3, various space industries in this colony are described. Research proposal topics in space and innovative technological proposal ideas are mentioned in Chapter 4 and 5. The structure of government, ethical and spiritual values of the colony, financial system, and International Legal Status of the Space Settlement are also described in Chapter 6. After these Chapters, references are given in the last Chapter and endnotes are referenced throughout the report by superscripted in-text citations. The referencing style used in this report is a classic Harvard style. In some parts of this report I had to briefly describe the topics under the headings and subheadings due to the page limitation. As I thought that creative ideas were important, I kept my imaginations wide in the content section of this article. On the other hand, because of the page limitation, I had to explain the topics under headings and subheadings shorter than I would like in some parts of this report. I also believe that the long-term future of the human race must be in space. So, I think that even these headings and subheadings can stimulate our dreams on the subject of orbital settlement and I enjoyed every step in preparing this study. 1.2Background The first colony to be established in space in the near future will undoubtedly be in the orbital settlement around the Earth or in the permanent lunar base which is the closest to Earth. With the perpetual growth, it eventually has to be moved to a new galactic address. Such a settlement will also serve as an intermediate station for journeys to other parts of the space. The establishment of the orbital settlement or lunar base will require not only the knowledge of the astronauts but of the knowledge of scientists working in different professional groups and the technological developments in these fields. For this purpose, how to establish a permanent colony in the orbit, sustainability and how people can adapt to the new environment are mentioned in this research article. 1.2.1Scenario Planning 1.2.1.1The Reasons Why Humans Should Colonize Space 1.2.1.1.1Scientific Approach to Colonization In the future, it will be difficult enough to avoid natural disasters on Earth. It may be an asteroid impact or extreme climate change. It will force us to abandon the planet Earth. Depletion of world resources or human overpopulation may be other reasons that we will be forced to seek a home outside of Earth. Humans need to leave Earth and it is time to explore other solar systems. I believe that the long-term future of the human race must be in space. We are running out of space, and the only places to go to are other planets or we will establish the space settlements. As Stephen Hawking says, “The human race shouldn't have all its eggs in one basket, or on one planet. Let's hope we can avoid dropping the basket until we have spread the load” 2. 1.2.1.1.2Philosophical Approach to Colonization Utopia can be defined as being an ideal place or any visionary system of political or social perfection. In Genesis and Revelation, “it shows that the world began perfect and there will be a time when it will be perfect again” (on the subject of utopian-like society: Genesis 1-3, The book of Revelation and John 3:16). The reason we seek after this “excellence” is due to our existence. While we return the world to this Utopian state, it is worth considering how to enter into this perfect and eternal society 3. Sir Thomas More first utilized the word utopia in 1516, but the concept has been around since the beginning of time. The Fictional Trilogy: Utopia, Dystopia and Eutopia Utopia Utopian fiction depicts a future in which humanity has reached a state of balance and peace, and where all life is valued and maintained. There is no more suffering and injustice, no more ignorance and violence. We have reached our full potential. The main categories of utopian fiction are the ecological, economic, political, spiritual, and science and technology utopias 4. The concept of “utopia” was first used to introduce to the field of literature by Thomas More, a famous humanist who had also served as prime minister to the English King Henry the 8th. Sumerian Mythology The Sumerians wrote the first utopian text in human history by scraping it on a clay tablet. Sumerologist Muazzez Ilmiye Cig and Samuel Noah Kramer stated that the Sumerians have memories that they lived happily in a very old period. “Tilmun Island” is described as paradise in Sumerian legends, and it is a place that can not be reached. There is war, conflict, widows stay and do not grow old. In a broken Sumer tablet, it says: “There was a period where there was no snake, no scorpion. There were no hyenas, no lions. What a wild dog, what a wolf. No fear, nor horror. Man didn't have a rival. Former country of Subur and Hamazi, the country of Sumerians where all these languages are spoken, the great prince of God, the country of Uri, everything needed was provided in this country, the Martu country resting in security, the whole universe, in all of these places there was a period in which peoples gave respect to Enlil in one single language”. As this Sumerian tablet shows, man has memories of an egalitarian society that once existed 1,2. The idea of a new society and state that promises happiness has been the field of occupation of all thinkers over the ages. In antiquity; Utopias of Hesiodos, Hippodamos, Phaleas, Plato, Xenophon, Strabon, Aristophanes, Aristotle, Lukianos and Jambulos can be seen as the first texts of the state theory. Dystopia Dystopia used firstly by John Stuart Mill in 1868; means ill, abnormal, and diseased. This term is not exactly equivalent to anti-utopia. In summary, if the utopia is seen as “a good to be applied”, dystopia means “bad in practice. The main purpose of the dystopia is to enable people to work for the construction of such a society by seeing that a better society is possible. Therefore, dystopia can also be seen as a critical utopia. In this context, it should be kept in mind that every utopia carries an implicit dystopia 3. Eutopia In summary, we can say that Eutopia is the realization of Utopia. Thomas More and Francis Bacon’s Utopian Countries Versus Eutopian Orbital Settlement, “NOAH Project” More’s Utopia and Bacon’s New Atlantis represent two different “variations on the same theme”: designing an ideal society. In the 16th century, Thomas More conceived of Utopia, an imaginary and ideal country which presents his idea of a “communist-like” democracy where private property was abolished, and all things were shared by everyone. His work, published in 1516, has often been considered a sharp criticism of the economic and social conditions that prevailed in Europe in his day. According to Thomas More, the word Utopia means something along the lines of “nowhere, non-existent”. Thus the name ironically points at the exemplariness, but also at the unreality of this place, as it can mean both “nowhere” and “good place”. Thomas More 4. In the 17th century, Francis Bacon created his own version of Utopia, “The New Atlantis”, which was published in 1627. The story refers to a Greek myth about an ideal society that sank into the sea. Bacon’s names in The New Atlantis reflect more unequivocal approval than those of Thomas More. For example, “Bensalem” means “son or offspring of peace, safety, and completeness”. In New Atlantis, one institution outshines all others, namely “Saloman's House”, which is, as it were, a “scientific fraternity”. The New Atlantis is a symbol of progress, of the faith in science and technology, which was meant to finally lead to human mastery over nature 5. Utopia takes a totally different view on the role of knowledge and education: Learning is promoted widely as a source of personal pleasure, and so every citizen is encouraged to learn and know as much as he or she wants to. Similarly, Utopia’s philosophy is rather a “pursuit of happiness” for the individual. Everyone has to work only six hours a day and may spend the rest of the day doing things he or she enjoys - although these activities nearly always prove to be of some usefulness to the whole community 6. The Utopian society strives for equality and social justice - whether or not these concepts are put into practice might be disputable, however, this basic idea is unambiguously there. Production in the broadest sense is what the Bensalemites aim at - this includes also the propagation of humans, as the Feast of the Family testifies. Family life is important for Utopia and for New Atlantis; and in both worlds, the families are patriarchal systems, although this patriarchy appears a bit moderated in Utopia 7. All in all, both utopian worlds try to organize their commonwealth as economically as possible to make it advantageous both to the state and society. They are each conceived as a prosperous, productive, orderly and virtuous commonwealth, in which everything is abundant. However, they stress on totally different aspects: In Utopia, the main target is to achieve a pleasant and healthy life for every single person in the community. In their view, this can be achieved through a classless communist society, where all persons have equal rights and possibilities. Only those things indispensable for life are produced. Bensalem, however, represents a materialistic world, in which class society and private property are existent. Progress in science and technology is the main object, as it offers power over nature 8. In this article, we will focus on the presentation of the Project NOAH by Can Devge as an ideal eutopic space settlement. I have portrayed this settlement in the future, as the role model of a perfect space colony. I also tried to explain the basic philosophy of civil laws, the social orders and spiritual views that should be in the ideal human community of this space colony in Chapter 6, inspired by Thomas More’s Utopia and Francis Bacon’s New Atlantis. 1.2.1.2Planet/Satellite Colonization Versus Orbital Settlement The Realization of Theoretical Orbital Settlement and Moon Colony In the next few years, the only missions to touch down on the Moon will be robotic. China and India will launch probes in the next three months, and Russia has one scheduled within the next five years. But NASA, ESA, and the space agencies of Russia, Japan, and Canada all support the idea of building a space station in orbit around the Moon by the mid-2020s 5. At a July 2018 meeting at ESA’s European Space Research and Technology Centre in Noordwijk to prepare for future human Moon missions, more than 250 specialists from academia, mining, metallurgy, construction, and architecture pitched their ideas. On the other hand, the space settlement concept maintains that planets are not the most ideal location for human colonies beyond the Earth. What advantages would orbital settlements have over a colony built on another planet? Access to 24-hours-a-day sunlight and zero gravity will be the first advantage. Secondly, inhabitants gradually change their orbit to whatever solar system location they found preferable, and control the environment and other aspects of the surroundings. If we compare with the settlement in the Moon or other planets, space settlements make also a long-term expansion of the land area available to the human race. 1.2.2Design Thinking 1.2.2.1Naming NOAH The story of Noah and the Flood, Genesis: 6-9, is one of the best-known stories in the Bible. God tells Noah to build an ark and fill it with every species on the earth. When the ark is full, a flood inundates the earth. Only Noah and those on his ark survive. Noah appears in Genesis 5:29 as the son of Lamech and ninth in descent from Adam. In the story of the Deluge (Genesis 6:11–9:19), he is represented as the patriarch who, because of his blameless piety, was chosen by God to perpetuate the human race after his wicked contemporaries had perished in the Flood. When God beheld the corruption of the earth and determined to destroy it, he gave Noah divine warning of the impending disaster and made a covenant with him, promising to save him and his family. Noah was instructed to build an ark, and in accordance with God’s instructions, he took into the ark male and female specimens of all the world’s species of animals, from which the stocks might be replenished. Consequently, according to this narrative, the entire surviving human race descended from Noah’s three sons 6. Many civilizations have a story that involves a flood. The Israelites who gave us the Bible lived among the Semitic peoples of the East. Archeology has discovered tablets bearing flood stories from other cultures in the area. Two of these are the Sumerian “Myth of Gilgamesh” and the Babylonian tale of Atrahasis. Some argue that the Myth of Gilgamesh is the source of the Bible’s flood story. Others argue that they are independent stories derived from a common regional language of cultural metaphors and images 7. The story of the Flood has close affinities with Babylonian traditions of apocalyptic floods in which Utnapishtim plays the part corresponding to that of Noah. These mythologies are the source of such features of the biblical Flood story as the building and provisioning of the ark, its flotation, and the subsidence of the waters, as well as the part played by the human protagonist. Tablet XI of the Gilgamesh epic introduces Utnapishtim, who, like Noah, survived cosmic destruction by heeding divine instruction to build an ark 6. The last major Ice Age ended about 10,000 years ago. Water levels rose dramatically. Entire seaside communities were destroyed leading to memories of a great flood. Some scientists argue that the Mediterranean Sea breached a blockage in the Bosporus and flooded a valley which then became the Black Sea. This event, the Black Sea deluge, would have happened around 5600 BCE. Others speculate about a tsunami or a comet. Perhaps the memory of one or more of these deluges is carried forward in the Bible’s flood story 7. The story of the great floods and Noah’s Ark has been mentioned in all Abrahamic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. There is a reason why the settlement is named Noah. The settlement has a spiritual purpose as we hope to use it "spread God's word in the Space.” The past determines the future, and God is prepared to start over with a new “Adam." Building the orbital settlement like an ark to survive a great flood or other types of our planet disaster might seem a little bit odd. Nevertheless, the risk of new flooding is more realistic than ever. According to a recent study, in the next decades Western and Central Europe will face more river floods and the rise of sea level. Notice how Genesis 9:1 is the same mission given to Adam in 1:28: "God blessed Noah and his sons, and said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth." In verse 7 the command is repeated: "And you be fruitful and multiply, bring forth abundantly on the earth and multiply in it 8.” So, it will give us the task of spreading into deep space and surviving of the human race when the world's resources are exhausted or the world is an uninhabitable place. The effects of global warming will be inevitable experts say, but the scale depends on how many degrees the world heats up. Global warming to 1.5 degrees is adaptable and maybe 2 but beyond 2 we simply don't know if we are able to adapt. It could be that areas such as Antarctica could become unstable and shift more quickly into the sea and lead to an incredible sea level rise. Experts are urging cities to adapt their urban infrastructure to deal with rising water levels 9. 1.2.2.2Design Selection The Noah Settlement’s outer shape is a catenoid. Interior of this catenoid-like settlement has a double helicoid and consists of several rooms connected with these helicoid layers. Previously no such an interior or exterior design was proposed as space orbital settlement. This type of shape has the advantages of good structural integrity and high structural efficiency. The Helicoid and catenoid are minimal surfaces. It means that the smallest surface to fill a defined volume given to us. It is also the only minimal surface with a circle as a geodesic. Geodesics are the curves in a surface that make turns just to stay on the surface and never move sideways 9. So, a person living on the surface and following such a curve would perceive it to be straight. The important point is that the surface area to the volume ratio gets smaller as the settlement gets larger. This will reduce the likelihood of asteroids crashing into the settlement and undesirable space effects will reduce the likelihood of exposure to the settlement as well as the large internal volume. This design has also a relatively easily contained atmosphere, long lines of sight, highly habitable volume, and large industrial sections. Besides these characteristics, when the structure rotates around the axis of the catenoid, we can get the variable artificial gravitational force on the different places of the settlement (In the figure, the gravitational forces respectively increases from red rooms to blue rooms). This point is important because of some activities like industrial procedures will easily be carried out in a microgravity environment. The upper and lower round surface of the catenoid-like settlement has totally ten access routes to the main building where incoming and outgoing spacecraft docks. Spacecraft can easily enter inside of the settlement along the long axis of catenoid to the center of the structure, because of the microgravity environment. Although the entire habitat rotates at one revolution per minute around the axis of the catenoid structure to simulate Earth’s normal gravity, the places of access routes, docks, energy reactors, and central connection ways along the axis of this structure have zero-g or nearly zero-g places. The structures similar to these geometric forms are also common in nature. There are similar shapes were connecting layers of a cellular organelle called the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of eukaryotic cells. The shapes, which only measure 9-10 nanometers long, looked like parking garages. The ribosomes, the other organelles of the cell, that makes protein by binding messenger RNA and transfer RNA, can be found on ER’s structure like parking space vehicles on the space settlement. The shape of the ER is believed to help maximize protein synthesis by providing a greater surface area for ribosomes. The other example of these geometric shapes is Nautilus. The similar structures can also be seen geometrically in the crust of collapsed stars in the universe. These shapes are called "nuclear pasta" to describe the layered-like layers of structure 10. Neutron stars form when larger stars die and collapse in on themselves. The neutron star's structural motifs seem nearly identical to the structure of ER and the placement of ER and ribosomes relative to each other. This is also a very interesting philosophically connection between the universe and the microcosmos. 1.2.2.3Challenges and Opportunities of New Technologies The new technologies that we still have and that we will have in the near future will make it very easy to realize the space colony we propose in this report. The new generation of synthetic materials, the developments in space mining, new approaches in the acquisition and transport of materials, the use of autonomous robotic systems in the construction of the settlement, new techniques of artificial gravity creation, new technologies to protect the colony from the unwanted effects of space, advances in the creation of new energy sources and propulsion techniques, the developments in communication, computer and electronic systems, the emergence of new space and hybrid jobs, the emergence of advanced diagnostic, treatment and rehabilitation methods related to human health, the developments in food production, water collection, waste removal and the creation of suitable biosphere systems, and finally the new ideas in space industry and tourism will realize this space dream. 1.2.2.3.1My Innovative Prototype Product Ideas and Proposals The structure of the catenoid-like space settlement. Using the shape shifting liquid metals, self-healing polymers, and shape-changing liquid crystals for construction of space settlement. Raw material-acquisition device act like a feeding insect for exploitation of raw materials from planets/satellites. An innovative association of artificial intelligence and RepRap 3D-printing robots. An innovative 3D-printing drone and spider robot. Buildings made by programmable swarming robotic creatures in 3D-space. Water for fuel of spacecraft. An innovative self-repair Achilles’ Space Elevator. An innovative magnetic field induced gravity. An innovative protection shield providing protection from cosmic radiation. An innovative method to reduce CO2 in biosphere and CO2 Conversion ways to develop Oxygen O2 molecules. An innovative method to reduce excessive nitrogen in the environment. A prototype of bioreactor that allow oxygen-evolving cells to fix nitrogen as a novel way of removing excess nitrogen from the environment of space colonies. Chlorophyl farms as an innovative energy source in space colonies. Laser relays plus quantum communication for long-distance and effective communication in deep space. An innovative space suit developed for outside workers. Cortical hearing device. An innovative therapy of the balance disorders in space conditions with artificial magnetic stimulations. Photosynthesizing animals. An innovative CO2 conversion technology that uses CO2 as the carbon source to generate molecules that can be used to manufacture substrates for use in microbial bioreactors. An innovative method of extraction water from terrestrial glaciers and ice sheets. Creation of new space sport games. Creating thick, metabolically functional, human vascularized organ tissue in a controlled laboratory environment in microgravity condition. Artificial production of hybrid cells and fusion of a plant and an animal cells in space conditions. An innovative method for augmented bone regeneration. Self-replicating spacecraft. An innovative nanomanufacturing interstellar micro-spaceship and a flying cargo carriers for micro-spaceships. Additional International agreements and treaties needs.